Saturday, 12 April 2014

Ukraine accuses Russia of 'aggression' amid unrest in east

Slavyansk (Ukraine) (AFP) - Ukraine accused Moscow of "aggression" on Saturday after Kalashnikov-wielding gunmen seized two security buildings in its restive eastern rust belt amid spreading protests demanding the Russified region join Kremlin rule.

The coordinated attacks and a series of gunfights between militants and police in two eastern towns underscored the volatility of the crisis ahead of first direct talks between EU and US diplomats and their Moscow and Kiev counterparts in Geneva on Thursday.

They also threaten to lead to further violence as far right forces which hold sway over the ex-Soviet state's western regions and which played a decisive role in this winter's anti-government protests watch the nation of 46 million veer toward a possible breakup.

Ukraine's foreign minister blamed the occupations on the "provocative activities of Russian special services" while a prominent nationalist called on militants in his Right Sector party -- branded as a neo-Nazi organisation by Moscow -- to "fully mobilise and prepare for decisive action".

And acting president Oleksandr Turchynov convened an emergency security meeting after his interior minster reported that a "gunfight" had erupted between local security forces and militants who had attacked a police station in the eastern town of Kramatorsk.

"The authorities of Ukraine view today's events as a display of aggression by the Russian Federation," Interior Minister Arsen Avakov wrote on his Facebook page.

Ukraine's interim government has been facing relentless pressure from Russia since its February ouster of an unpopular Kremlin-backed president and decision to seek closer ties with the West.

The seizures highlight how little sway Kiev's untested leaders have over pro-Russians who have since April 6 also controlled the Donetsk government seat and a state security building in the nearby eastern city of Lugansk.

Moscow has massed tens of thousands of troops on Ukraine's eastern border after annexing the Black Sea peninsula of Crimea and nearly doubled the rates it charges Kiev for gas.

Russia is now ready to demand prepayment from the cash-strapped government for future gas deliveries or halt supplies -- a move that would impact at least 18 EU countries and deepen the worst East-West standoff since the Cold War.

A letter obtained by AFP and dated April 11 showed European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso calling for a common EU response to President Vladimir Putin's latest energy warning.

A note sent by Putin on Thursday cautioning that gas transits through Ukraine may cease due to Kiev's debts to Moscow "raises serious issues for Europe's collective energy security," Barroso wrote.

Barroso said the issue would be raised at a meeting on Monday of EU foreign ministers and in a conference call with the 28-nation bloc's energy chief.

He added that the commission would facilitate a "joint approach for a reply" to Russia.

- 'Men in camouflage' -

Saturday's unrest began with morning raids on a police station and local security service centre in Slavyansk -- a riverside town of 100,000 about 60 kilometres (35 miles) north of the regional capital Donetsk.

Ukraine's interior ministry said the first assault was led by 20 "armed men in camouflage fatigues" whose main purpose was to seize 20 machine guns and 400 Makarov guns stored in the police headquarters "and to distribute them to protesters".

An AFP reporter saw the Slavyansk police station surrounded by gunmen in masks and camouflage who had set up a barricade of old tyres and dumpsters in front of the police headquarters.

The interior ministry said some of the same militants had later occupied the city's state security service building.

"The entire city... will defend the guys who seized this building," Slavyansk Mayor Neli Shlepa told Russia's Life News television outside the police headquarters.

The interior ministry later reported that its forces had also repelled an attack on a Donetsk chemical factory that manufactures explosives.

"Protection of the facility, which stores a considerable amount of explosive material, has been stepped up," the interior ministry said.

- 'People's republic' -

The police said a separate group of assailants had also unsuccessfully tried to seize the prosecutor's office in Donetsk -- a bustling city of one million that was the seat of power of president Viktor Yanukovych before his ouster and flight to Russia.

But an AFP reporter saw about 200 pro-Russian protesters armed with clubs and sticks storm the city's police headquarters without meeting any resistance.

A few dozen anti-riot police who arrived at the scene were instead sporting orange and black ribbons symbolising support for Russian rule.

The Donetsk administration centre is already being held by gunmen who have proclaimed the creation of their own "people's republic" and called on Putin to send Russian troops into eastern Ukraine.

Ukraine's embattled Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk promised during an unannounced visit to Donetsk on Friday to grant more powers to the country's regions and protect the east's right to use the Russian language.

But the Donetsk and Lugansk gunmen want to hold independence referendums coinciding with snap presidential polls Ukraine will stage on May 25.

- 'Russian agents' -

Both Western leaders and Kiev have accused the Kremlin of orchestrating the unrest in order to justify a possible future invasion of eastern Ukraine -- a charge Moscow flatly denies.

Kiev said Ukraine's interim Foreign Minister Andriy Deshchytsya told his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov by telephone on Saturday to "stop the provocative activities of Russian special services in the eastern regions of Ukraine."

But Moscow said Lavrov firmly rejected the accusation and "noted that similar claims... have been made by Washington, although we still have not been presented with any concrete proof."

Russia on Friday warned that it would boycott Thursday's Geneva talks should Ukraine try to regain control of the seized buildings through force.
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Police: NY officer fatally shot 86-year-old gunman

NEW YORK (AP) — New York city police say a uniformed officer shot and killed an 86-year-old man after he refused to drop his gun.

They say the gunman may have shot a woman before police arrived at the scene in Astoria in Queens on Saturday.

Police say a 911 call came in at 11:16 a.m., and the caller said he had shot his daughter.

Police say officers found a man armed with a gun and the man refused an order to drop his weapon, then pointed his gun at the officers; one of the officers then shot him.

The 86-year-old gunman was pronounced dead at a hospital.

A 65-year-old woman was found inside the house with a gunshot wound. She is in critical condition at another hospital.

Their names were not immediately released.
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$400,000 bond set for teen in Detroit mob attack

DETROIT (AP) — A 16-year-old Detroit boy charged with assault and ethnic intimidation was ordered Saturday to be held on a $400,000 bond in the brutal beating of a suburban motorist.

The serious nature of the mob attack on 54-year-old Steve Utash and the severity of his injuries necessitated a high bond, Circuit Court Referee Raeigen Woods told the teen and his parents during the hearing at a Wayne County juvenile detention center.

Utash was punched and kicked by several people as he stopped April 2 to check on 10-year-old David Harris, who was struck when he stepped in front of Utash's pickup truck.

Utash remains in critical condition with severe head injuries. Harris was treated for leg and other injuries.

Before Woods announced the teen's bond, assistant prosecutor Matthew Penney argued it should be as high as the $500,000 bonds given to each of four men also charged in the case.

"What actually occurred was the savage beating of an innocent man," Penney added. "By his own admission, he was one of the first to throw punches."

The teen turns 17 next month and could have been charged as an adult if he were already that age, Penney said.

Detroit police were investigating whether the attack was racially motivated — Utash is white. His attackers are black.

Evidence in the case only linked the teen to an ethnic intimidation charge, according to prosecutors.

Defense attorney Sterling Coleman asked the court for a substantially lower bond, saying the teen "is not charged with a capital case and should not be given the same as those charged in a capital manner."

"He is not a flight risk," Coleman said. "Both parents are in his life. They presented him to the police."

The Associated Press is not releasing the teen's name because of his age. His parents declined to speak with reporters.

Utash's daughter, Mandi Emerick, told The Associated Press on Friday that her father recently was taken off a ventilator and is able to speak on his own. Utash is a tree trimmer from Macomb County's Clinton Township.

The teen is due back in court on Thursday.

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EXCLUSIVE How to Treat Eczema Naturally

Eczema affects people of all ages and can cause misery. Doctors often prescribe a steroidal cream, which for many people doesn't always do the trick. There are other things you can do to ease the terrible itching and blistering. Read on to learn a few natural/home remedies that may assist in your lifelong battle with eczema.
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StepsTips and WarningsVideo
Changing Your Lifestyle

1
Improve your diet. It is important to remember when dealing with conditions like eczema that the skin is the body's largest organ of elimination this means that whatever you put into your body may be reflected on the outside, as the skin excretes waste. As a result, diet plays a huge role in the health of your skin, so a few simple changes could lead to a significant improvement in your eczema. Focus on eating foods that promote gut and liver health, and eliminate as many processed and high-gluten foods as possible.


Switch from a standard diet to a wholesome diet of fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds, mostly in their raw form.

Switch from grain-fed beef, chicken and pork to grass-fed meat products and eat plenty of foods rich in Omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon, chia, walnuts and hemp seed.

If possible, eliminate gluten from your diet as it may be triggering your skin condition. Cut out bread, pasta, cereals and other processed, carbohydrate rich foods.[1]

2
Eliminate milk and dairy products. Cow's milk is possibly the main dietary trigger for eczema, so it is worth cutting it out of your diet (at least temporarily) to see if you notice an improvement. Cow's milk can be quite acidic and is often filled with hormones and chemicals which negatively impact the immune system and aggravate eczema. Try eliminating all cow's milk for at least two weeks and see if you notice any difference.


There are many, many substitutes for cow's milk, so don't worry about having to drink your coffee black. Goat, sheep and buffalo milk are all great creamy alternatives.

If you want a non-animal substitute you can always go for soy milk, but hazelnut, almond, oat and rice milks are other worthy contenders.[2]

3
Take natural supplements. Ideally, people would get all the vitamins and nutrients they need from their diet, but in reality this is rarely the case. Luckily there are plenty of dietary supplements you can take to help in the battle against eczema. Some of the best ones include:


Fatty Acids: Fatty acids help to relieve dry skin and reduce inflammation, making them effective for treating eczema. For best results, choose a supplement that contains Omega 3, 6 and 9.

Vitamins A, D and E: The combined skin benefits of these vitamins is impressive -- they help the skin to retain hydration, improve its texture, boost collagen production and protect it from free radicals.

Supplements containing gamma-linolenic acid: Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is a fatty acid found in evening primrose oil, borage oil and blackcurrant oil. It is believed to help relieve skin inflammation and to correct the balance of lipids in the skin.[3]

4
Wear non-irritating clothing. The clothes you wear are in contact with your skin all day long; brushing, rubbing and even chafing the skin. Many people even notice a worsening of their eczema in winter, when they tend to wear more layers. It's something of a vicious cycle that the worse your eczema gets, the more you want to cover it up and the more you cover it up, the worse the irritation becomes. You can improve this situation by making smart clothing choices:


Wear loose clothing wherever possible and avoid items made from itchy, scratchy fabrics like wool. Smooth-textured clothing made from cotton, silk and bamboo are the least irritating on your skin.

When exercising, wear proper sports clothing designed to keep your skin cool. This will prevent you from sweating excessively, which can aggravate eczema.[4]

Also be wary of your washing detergent -- it may be leaving a slight residue on your clothes that's contributing to eczema fare-ups. Try using a natural washing powder, or simply switch to a different biological brand.

5
Minimize stress. Eczema and other skin conditions have been strongly linked to stress, both psychological and physical, so taking some time out and working on stress-relief can be extremely beneficial.[5] Alternative treatments such as visualization and hypnotherapy have been suggested as methods of reducing stress, however there are many, easier methods of stress relief that you can incorporate into your daily life:


Meditate: Taking just a few minutes out of every day to go somewhere peaceful, close your eyes and focus on your breathing can be hugely beneficial for both your mental and physical health. Try repeating a relaxing mantra to yourself as you mediate, such as "I am calm" or "I am at peace". Activities such as yoga or pilates can have equally beneficial results.

Listen to music. Listening to music has been proven to lower blood pressure and reduce anxiety, making it a great antidote for stress. Soothing music, such as classical music or sounds from nature can be extremely relaxing, but singing along to classic rock at the top of your lungs will make you happy!
Get enough sleep. Sleep deprivation is a major stress-inducer, so getting a full 7-8 hours sleep a night is essential for reducing stress. If you're a troubled sleeper, try having a relaxing bath before bedtime, make sure your bedroom is cool and dark, and switch off any screens or electronics at least an hour before sleep.

6
Choose non-irritating soaps and shampoos. The products you use in the shower can have a huge impact on the condition of your skin, so it is important to be aware of the products you are using and the ingredients they contain. As a general rule, the more natural and moisturizing a product is, the less irritating it will be on eczema-prone skin. You should avoid anti-bacterial and deodorant products, as these can be extremely drying.


Avoid shower gels and soaps with dyes and perfumes -- while they may look and smell nice, they are usually full of chemicals which are harsh and drying on the skin.

Avoid any products containing sodium lauryl sulfate. This ingredient is found in a huge array of soaps and shampoos, as it works as a foaming agent. However, sodium lauryl sulfate (which is also used in products to clean cars and garage floors) can be highly irritating and drying on the skin. It also breaks down skin's natural proteins, making skin more vulnerable to outside contaminants.

Avoid parabens. Parabens are a group of chemicals commonly found in hygiene products such as shampoos, conditioners, body washes, lotions and scrubs. They are known to cause skin irritation, and pose multiple other health risks, including a link to cancer.

7
Use a humidifier. Dry air in your bedroom and home can exacerbate skin conditions such as eczema, causing the skin to become dehydrated and flaky. You can remedy this situation by investing in an air humidifier which will add moisture to the air and to your skin. Portable home humidifiers, along with humidifiers you can attach to a furnace, are easily available and can be found in a range of styles and price ranges.

It is also possible to humidify the air in a room without buying a humidifier. House plants naturally increase the amount of moisture in the air through a process known as transpiration. The Areca Palm and the Boston Fern are two popular natural humidifiers.
One other way to humidify the air is to place a bowl or pot of water beneath a radiator or heat source. As the water heats it will evaporate, thus adding moisture to the air.

8
Bathe less frequently, using warm water. Though showers can feel soothing on dry, itchy skin, bathing too often can actually strip moisture from the skin and make eczema worse. For this reason, you should limit your baths and showers to every 1 to 2 days if possible. Try to use warm water rather than hot and limit each session to 15 to 20 minutes, tops.


Make sure to moisturize after the shower, preferably while your skin is still damp as this locks in more moisture. Creams and lotions work well, but oil-based moisturizers are best as they last longer and form a barrier that prevents moisture from evaporating off the skin.

Also make sure to dry yourself carefully, so you don't irritate the eczema by rubbing too roughly. Use the palms of your hands to brush off any excess moisture, then use a clean, dry towel to gently pat yourself dry.
Using Natural Remedies

1
Use aloe vera. The gel-like sap from the Aloe vera plant has been used for thousands of years as a remedy for wounds, burns and other skin conditions, thanks to it's soothing, healing properties. Many people have found it effective in the treatment of eczema, as it soothes itchiness and moisturizes the dry, flaky skin.(9)


Although aloe vera is commonly used as an ingredient in many skin care products, these lotions and gels may also contain ingredients that irritate the skin. For this reason, it is best to buy an aloe vera plant from your local garden center or nursery and use the pure aloe vera gel instead.

To use the aloe vera, snap off a leaf and squeeze out the clear, gel-like substance. Smear this gel over the skin effected by eczema and leave to soak in. You can store the leaf in the refrigerator for multiple uses.

Pure aloe vera is not associated with any negative side effects when used topically, so it is safe to use as often as necessary.[10]

2
Try chamomile. Chamomile is a popular natural treatment for eczema, as it is said to sooth itchiness and calm inflammation. It can be used in one of two ways:


Firstly, you can make chamomile tea by brewing dried chamomile flowers in boiling water for approximately 15 minutes. Strain the flowers and allow the tea to cool slightly. Make a warm compress by soaking a clean cloth in the chamomile, wringing out the excess moisture, then pressing it against the affected skin for 10-15 minutes.

Secondly, you can use chamomile essential oils to sooth eczema, either by massaging the oils directly onto the skin, or adding a few drops to a warm bath.

Be aware that some people develop on allergic reaction to chamomile, so you may want to test it on a small patch of skin before using.[11]

3
Apply calendula lotion. Calendula is a marigold-like flower whose extract is commonly use in skin lotions and salves. It is reputed to have skin healing properties, while also reducing pain and inflammation. Many calendula products, such as soaps, oils, lotions, salves and creams can be found at health food stores.


These products are preferable to those found in drug stores, as they usually contain a higher percentage of pure calendula and less potentially irritating ingredients.

Calendula products can be applied liberally all over the skin, as they are not known to produce any negative side effects when applied topically.[12]

4
Use organic coconut oil. Organic cold pressed virgin coconut oil is a highly effective moisturizer which many eczema suffers claim to be far more effective than expensive store bought creams. It can be found in health food stores, online and in select supermarkets. Apply the oil (which looks like a solid but quickly melts) on eczema patches all over the body and allow to sink in.[13]


Cold pressed means that the oil was processed at temperatures below 116 degrees, allowing all of the oil's nutrients, enzymes and minerals to be preserved.

5
Take warm baths. A warm bath -- containing added eczema-soothing ingredients -- can be very effective in easing itchiness and relieving pain. Remember that hot water can aggravate eczema, so keep the temperature in the lukewarm to warm range. Some of the best additions include:


Oatmeal or colloidal oatmeal: Regular uncooked oatmeal or colloidal oatmeal (which is a form of very finely ground oatmeal made specifically for bathing in) can be sprinkled into the bathwater to soothe dry skin.

Baking soda: A tablespoon of baking soda can be added to the bathwater to ease symptoms of itchiness.

Bleach: One half a cup of regular bleach can be diluted in bathwater for a remedy that is believed to kill bacteria on the surface of the skin, thus preventing the eczema from spreading. This dilution is intended for a standard U.S. bath tub, filled to the drainage holes. [14] It is advisable to start out using one quarter cup of bleach. Do not ever exceed one half cup. Make sure to use regular (6%) bleach. Some brands of bleach are sold in concentrated form which will affect the dilution.

6
Take evening primrose oil. Evening primrose oil is popularly believed to help with eczema, as it contains gamma-linolenic acid, a rare fatty acid which nourishes the skin and it thought to correct deficiencies in skin lipids, thus reducing inflammation. Evening primrose oil is usually taken orally, as a supplement.[15]


7
Try sweet almond oil. Sweet almond oil is often used in the treatment of eczema as it contains ursolic and oleic acids, which are believed to reduce inflammation and help repair the skin. It can be applied liberally all over the body as a moisturizer, or it can be spread all over the skin before baths and showers, creating a barrier that protects the skin from the drying effects of hot water.[2]


8
Try alternative treatments, such as homeopathy, hypnosis or acupuncture. Alternative medical treatments such as homeopathy, hypnosis and acupuncture have sometimes been found successful in improving eczema -- though this is often due to their effectiveness at reducing stress (which can cause eczema), or the result of a placebo effect. However, if you are struggling to find a solution to your eczema, they may be worth a try.[16]
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Chevy couldn’t keep the lid (or the roof) on its upcoming Z06 convertible

Few things get my heart and adrenaline pumping, let alone a set of photos. But my ventricles are surging away right now, looking at the photos of the 2015 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 that General Motors just sent to the web ahead of the scheduled debut at the 2014 New York Auto Show next week.

Frankly, we weren't expecting a convertible version of the all-new, high-torque performance Z06 to be offered in Convertible form … at least, not so soon. Delightfully, Chevrolet is keen to go full-bore with this track-taming drop-top beauty.

Just like the hardtop Z06, the convertible features a supercharged LT4 6.2-liter V8 that produces at least 625 horsepower and 635 pound-feet of torque. No only does this make it one of the most capable convertibles on the planet, it is also now the most powerful drop-top Chevrolet has ever produced.

Amazingly, the chassis of the Convertible didn't have to be reinforced, when designers ripped the roof off the Z06. Accordingly, the curb weight of the 'Vert 'Vette is nearly identical to the Z06 Coupe

"Until recently it was not possible to create a lightweight, open-roof structure strong enough to cope with the braking, cornering, and acceleration of Corvette's top performance models," Corvette chief engineer Tadge Juechter said in a prepared statement. "The frame for the Z06 convertible leverages advancements in computer-aided engineering, metallurgy, and manufacturing techniques – many of which were not available just five years ago."

The new electronic cloth top of the Z06 Convertible, which can be ordered in one of four colors, can be lowered by key fob or while on the road, up to speeds of 30 mph.

When the fabric roof and glass rear window are stored, they're covered by a mechanical tonneau cover, which is finished in either Carbon Flash-paint or carbon fiber.

The placement of the tonneau cover required "moving the air intakes for the differential and transmission coolers from the rear quarter panels on the Z06 Coupe to the underbody of the Z06 Convertible … otherwise, both models share the same, performance-driven aesthetic."

If you'd like to know more of the Z06 Convertible, check back soon for our coverage from the show floor of the New York Auto Show next week. Or – if you need a refresher on the Z06's performance figures and features – read our coverage of the hardtop Z06 from the Detroit Auto Show.
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Arsenal Lift FA Cup since 2005

Arsenal scraped their way into the FA Cup final by beating holders Wigan on penalties to keep alive their hopes of ending a nine-year trophy drought.

Jordi Gomez's penalty put the Latics on course to reach another final, but Per Mertesacker's late equaliser maintained Arsenal's hopes of winning their first silverware since they claimed this trophy in 2005.

The teams could not be separated by extra time and, when it went to penalties, goalkeeper Lukasz Fabianski saved Wigan's first two spot-kicks, from Gary Caldwell and Jack Collison, to put Arsenal on the way to a meeting with either Hull City or Sheffield United.

Mikel Arteta, Kim Kallstrom and Olivier Giroud were all on target for Arsenal - while James McArthur and Jean Beausejour scored for Wigan - leaving Santi Cazorla to send the Gunners fans wild with celebration and relief with the decisive penalty.

Arsenal had the better of the chances before penalties, with Wigan keeper Scott Carson twice denying Yaya Sanogo, and Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain hitting the woodwork in extra time.

On a day when Everton moved ahead of Arsenal in the race for a place in next season's Champions League with victory at Sunderland, this will provide a lift in confidence for Arsene Wenger's side, despite a largely unconvincing display.

Wigan manager Uwe Rosler can be justifiably proud of his players, who can now concentrate on their main priority of winning promotion back to the Premier League.

Wenger stuck with his policy of replacing Wojciech Szczesny with Fabianski and playing Sanogo in attack, and the youngster almost made the crucial early breakthrough.

Carson, with nightmare memories of Wembley after his error when thrust into England's Euro 2008 qualifier against Croatia, did brilliantly to get down to Sanogo's header as he met Oxlade-Chamberlain's cross.

He also did well to race from goal to block Oxlade-Chamberlain and Sanogo again, but Wigan grew into the game and Callum McManaman, man of the match in last season's FA Cup final win against Manchester City, was emerging as a real threat to the uncertain Nacho Monreal.

Bacary Sagna had another good chance for Arsenal when Mertesacker flicked on Arteta's corner, but his finish at the far post was high and off target.

McManaman was the central figure as Wigan went ahead after 63 minutes, referee Michael Oliver having an easy decision as Mertesacker dived in recklessly in the area.

An injury to Monreal, which required his replacement by Kieran Gibbs, meant almost a four-minute delay before Gomez could take his kick, but he remained commendably cool to beat Fabianski with a perfect penalty.

Wenger needed to react but his decision to replace Lukas Podolski, rather than the struggling Sanogo, with Giroud was met with a loud chorus of jeering from the increasingly anxious Gunners fans.

Arsenal, as they had to do, finally demonstrated a greater sense of urgency, and a frantic few seconds led to the equaliser after 82 minutes.

Sagna had headed against the post and Carson had again saved superbly from Gibbs before Mertesacker arrived at the far post to score with a stooping header from Gibbs's scuffed shot.

Arsenal carried the momentum into extra time, and Carson excelled once more to turn over a fine rising shot on the turn from Sanogo.

The Gunners had gathered momentum and only the woodwork saved Wigan as Oxlade-Chamberlain's powerful shot rattled out off the angle of post and bar with Carson helpless.

Then came penalties - and the shot at a trophy Arsenal have waited for since 2005.
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Which Cisco routers, modems and networking gear are affected by and safe from the Heartbleed bug?

Though the now-infamous Heartbleed bug is currently being patched by many companies on the website level, the OpenSSL data encryption flaw also affects an unknown amount of networking hardware from companies including Cisco Systems.

Cisco published a bulletin on its site, warning that some of its networking hardware and software, which includes routers, Ethernet switches, access points, and more, is affected by the Heartbleed bug, a flaw in the OpenSSL data encryption software used by many of the world's websites. Though most of this hardware wouldn't be found in the average person's home, the hardware that Cisco identifies as vulnerable is likely used by private companies, governments, and other organizations.

We reached out to Cisco for comment, and asked whether a patched website would still be vulnerable to Heartbleed if the organization running the site is still using Cisco hardware and/or services to keep it up and running. Nigel Glennie, Senior Manager of Global Corporate Communcations for Cisco, responded to our request for comment, stating that the list of affected hardware and services "are not going to be the type of products that allow the exploitation of user data on a website."

However, that seems to run contrary to Cisco's own bulletin, which states that "Multiple Cisco products incorporate a version of the OpenSSL package affected by a vulnerability that could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to retrieve memory in chunks of 64 kilobytes from a connected client or server." On top of that, the bulletin also states that "disclosed portions of memory could contain sensitive information that may include private keys and passwords."

Digital Trends is currently awaiting clarification on the apparent discrepancy between Glennie's statement and Cisco's published security advisory.

Here's the list of Cisco networking hardware and services that's affected by the Heartbleed bug, according to the firm's official bulletin, as of this writing. Cisco will continue to update these lists, so check back with this Security Advisory page often.

Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client for iOS [CSCuo17488]
Cisco Desktop Collaboration Experience DX650
Cisco Unified 7800 series IP Phones
Cisco Unified 8961 IP Phone
Cisco Unified 9951 IP Phone
Cisco Unified 9971 IP Phone
Cisco IOS XE [CSCuo19730]
Cisco Unified Communications Manager (UCM) 10.0
Cisco Universal Small Cell 5000 Series running V3.4.2.x software
Cisco Universal Small Cell 7000 Series running V3.4.2.x software
Small Cell factory recovery root filesystem V2.99.4 or later
Cisco MS200X Ethernet Access Switch
Cisco Mobility Service Engine (MSE)
Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) [CSCuo16472]
Cisco TelePresence Conductor
Cisco TelePresence Supervisor MSE 8050
Cisco TelePresence Server 8710, 7010
Cisco TelePresence Server on Multiparty Media 310, 320
Cisco TelePresence Server on Virtual Machine
Cisco TelePresence ISDN Gateway 8321 and 3201 Series
Cisco TelePresence Serial Gateway Series
Cisco TelePresence IP Gateway Series
Cisco WebEx Meetings Server versions 2.x [CSCuo17528]
Cisco Security Manager [CSCuo19265]
Cisco is also currently investigating whether any of its other networking products are vulnerable to Heartbleed. Here's a list of the hardware and services that the firm is looking into as of this writing.

Cisco IOS XR
Cisco Nexus 1000V Series Switches
Cisco Nexus 4000 Series Switches
Cisco Nexus 5000 Series Switches
Cisco Nexus 6000 Series Switches
Cisco Nexus 9000 Series Switches
Cisco IPS
Cisco Webex Messenger
Cisco Jabber client
Cisco OnePK All-in-One VM
Cisco DCM Series 9900-Digital Content Manager
Cisco D9034-S Encoder
Cisco D9054 HDTV Encoder
Cisco Show and Share
WebEx Social
Cisco Adaptive Security Device Manager (ASDM)
Catalyst 6500 Series and Cisco 7600 Series Firewall Services Module (FWSM)
Cisco Digital Media Manager
Cisco Digital Media Players
Cisco Edge 300 Digital Media Player
Cisco Edge 340 Digital Media Player
Cisco Emergency Responder
Cisco Internet Streamer CDS
Cisco Enterprise Content Delivery System (ECDS)
Cisco IP Communicator
Cisco TelePresence Recording Server
Cisco Network Analysis Module Software (NAM)
Cisco Wireless Location Appliance
CiscoWorks Wireless LAN Solution Engine (WLSE)
Cisco Physical Access Gateways
Cisco Physical Access Manager
Cisco Video Surveillance Media Server Software
Cisco Video Surveillance Operations Manager Software
Cisco NetFlow Generation Appliance 3240
Cisco Prime Data Center Network Manager
Cisco Prime Analytics for SPs
Cisco Prime Central for SPs
Cisco Prime Provisioning for SPs
Cisco Prime Performance Manager for SPs
Cisco Prime Optical for SPs
Cisco Prime Network Services Controller (formerly the Cisco Virtual Network Management Center)
Cisco Prime Network Registrar
Cisco Unified Contact Center Products
Cisco Unified Department Attendant Console
Cisco Unified E-Mail Interaction Manager
Cisco Unified Enterprise Attendant Console
Cisco Unified Mobility
Cisco Unified Operations Manager
Cisco Unified Personal Communicator
Cisco Unified Presence
Cisco Unified Provisioning Manager
Cisco Unified Quick Connect
Cisco Unified Service Monitor
Cisco Unified Service Statistics Manager
Cisco UCS Invicta Series Solid State Systems
Cisco NAC Server
Cisco NAC Manager
Cisco NAC Agent
Cisco NAC Guest Server
Cisco ONS 15454 Series Multiservice Provisioning Platforms
Cisco Quantum Policy Server (QPS)
Cisco TelePresence System 500
Cisco TelePresence System 1100
Cisco TelePresence System 1300 Series
Cisco TelePresence System 3000 Series
Cisco TelePresence System T Series
Cisco IP Video Phone E20
Cisco TelePresence MX Series
Cisco TelePresence EX Series
Cisco Telepresence Integrator C Series
Cisco TelePresence Profile Series
Cisco TelePresence SX Series
Cisco TelePresence Movi with Precision HD USB / Jabber Video
Cisco TelePresence MXP Series
Cisco TelePresence MCU all series
Cisco TelePresence Advanced Media Gateway Series
Cisco TelePresence IP VCR Series
Cisco TelePresence ISDN GW 3241
Tandberg Codian ISDN GW 3210/3220/3240
Tandberg Codian MSE 8310 model
Tandberg 770/880/990 MXP Series
Finally, here's a list of Cisco hardware that has been analyzed by the company, and deemed to be not vulnerable to Heartbleed, as of this writing.

    Cisco IOS
    Cisco MDS Switches
    Cisco Nexus 3000 Series Switches
    Cisco Nexus 7000 Series Switches
    Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software
    Cisco ACE Application Control Engine Module
    Cisco ACE Application Control Engine Appliance
    Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client for desktop platforms
    Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client for Android
    Cisco CSS 11500 Series Content Services Switches
    Cisco Unified 7900 series IP Phones
    Cisco Unified 6900 series IP Phones
    Cisco Unified 3900 series IP Phones
    Cisco Unified 8941 IP Phone
    Cisco Unified 8945 IP Phone
    Cisco Unified IP Conference Phone 8831
    Cisco Unified Communications Manager (UCM) 9.1(2) and earlier
    Cisco Unified Communications Domain Manager
    Cisco Unified Business Attendant Console
    Cisco Unified Department Attendant Console
    Cisco Unified Enterprise Attendant Console
    Cisco Identity Service Engine (ISE)
    Cisco Secure Access Control Server (ACS)
    Cisco Wireless Lan Controller (WLC)
    Cisco Wireless Control System (WCS)
    Cisco Web Security Appliance (WSA)
    Cisco Content Security Management Appliance (SMA)
    Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA)
    Cisco IronPort Encryption Appliance (IEA)
    Cisco UCS Central
    Cisco UCS Fabric Interconnects
    Cisco UCS B-Series (Blade) Servers
    Cisco UCS C-Series (Stand alone Rack) Servers
    Cisco RV315W Wireless-N VPN Router
    Cisco RV215W Wireless-N VPN Router
    Cisco RV220W Wireless-N VPN Router
    Cisco RV180W Wireless-N VPN Router
    Cisco RV120W Wireless-N VPN Router
    Cisco RV110W Wireless-N VPN Router
    Cisco CVR100W Wireless-N VPN Router
    Cisco RV325 VPN Router
    Cisco RV320 VPN Router
    Cisco RV180 VPN Router
    Cisco RV082 VPN Router
    Cisco RV042 VPN Router
    Cisco RV016 VPN Router
    Cisco 200 Series Smart Switches
    Cisco 300 Series Managed Switches
    Cisco 500 Series Stackable Managed Switches
    Cisco ESW2 Series Advanced Switches
    Cisco WAP121 Wireless-N Access Point
    Cisco WAP321 Wireless Access Point
    Cisco WAP551/561 Wireless-N Access Point
    Cisco WAP4410N Wireless-N Access Point
    Cisco Meraki Cloud Managed Indoor Access Points
    Cisco Meraki Cloud-Managed Outdoor Access Points
    Cisco Meraki MX Security Appliances
    Cisco Meraki MS Access Switches
    Cisco WebEx Meetings Server versions 1.x
    Cisco Application and Content Networking System (ACNS) Software
    Cisco Wide Area Application Services (WAAS) Software
    Cisco ACE Global Site Selector Appliances (GSS)
    Cisco Prime Network Analysis Module (NAM)
    Cisco Prime Infrastructure
    Cisco Content Switching Module with SSL (CSM-S)
    Cisco SSL Services Module (SSLM)
    Cisco Intelligent Automation for Cloud
    Cisco Meraki Dashboard
    Cisco WebEx Meeting Center
    Cisco WebEx Support Center
    Cisco WebEx Training Center
    Cisco WebEx Event Center
    Cisco Universal Small Cell CloudBase
    Cisco Cloud Web Security
Image credit: http://images.china.cn
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One of the best iOS email clients is now available on Android and Mac OS X

Mailbox for Android: (from left to right) auto-swipe (long press), auto-swipe suggestion, drawer.

Dropbox just announced that it is releasing Mailbox for Android and Mac OS X. The Mailbox mobile app, which was previously only available on iOS devices, is now available for free on the Google Play Store and as a beta for OS X. 

Mailbox's Android version has a redesigned inbox and retains the usual features in the iOS app. You can mute conversations, snooze messages (archive and set it to reappear in your inbox at a later time), and route certain types of messages to a list. For the Android app, Mailbox also introduced the "auto-swipe" feature. It monitors the types of messages that you designate for archiving and snoozing. When set, the auto-swipe feature not only archives and snoozes certain messages, it also automatically executes the same actions on emails of the same type. This is remarkable, especially when you're tired of getting emails about people's cats. So far, the auto-swipe feature can only be found on the Android version of the app. However, we expect this to eventually make its way over to iOS and OSX.

If you want to use the popular email client on your OS X desktop/laptop, the experience may not be as fluid. However, it might be worth the minor hassle, since Mailbox relies heavily on the trackpad for executing gesture-based commands. This mirrors the convenience of its mobile counterparts, albeit in a manner that requires more dexterity. If you're sold on the idea of Mailbox on your laptop, you can sign up for the upcoming beta here.


(From left to right) Swipe archive, swipe to snooze, and email.
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As Aereo nears its moment of truth, new data affirms broadcasters’ biggest fears

As Aereo  prepares to do battle with broadcasters for its very existence in the Supreme Court, new evidence shows just how big of a threat the popular streaming service is to the current TV paradigm. According to marketing science firm, Centris, 40 percent of pay-TV households said they would be "likely" to cancel their TV service and replace it with Aereo if it was available in their market. 

Aereo offers users a way to watch broadcast TV on mobile devices and PCs over tiny antennae at their leisure thanks to its cloud DVR services, and a litigious confrontation has ensued between the company and major networks as to whether or not it should pay licensing fees to do so. Still, we've long suspected this heated battle was about more than just unpaid fees, and networks have seemed determined to simply shut the service down, rather than negotiate terms. The new Centris data suggests that Aereo represents an ominous threat to the lucrative partnerships networks have with pay-tv operators.

Up until this point, Aereo has maintained modest growth. The service is currently available in fewer than 20 markets in the U.S., but Aereo has always maintained it intends to expand into as many markets as it can. What stands in its way is the Supreme Court decision to be made on April 22.  After a stifling year in and out of lower courts, a decision in Aereo's favor would surely bring more thorough and expedient expansion and coverage. According to this data, such expansion could put a huge dent in pay-tv subscriptions and, by extension, network profits.

Centris tapped its Evolution of Video Community – a volunteer-based, nationwide research initiative –  as a source for the numbers behinds the firm's most recent report. The report also determined that the strongest threat to big TV operators is within pay-TV households that currently subscribe to an online video streaming service in addition to their traditional pay-TV content subscriptions. 45 percent of these households said they would be likely to drop pay-TV in favor of Aereo, and 17 percent were undecided. More than half (53 percent) of households without a current pay-TV subscription said they would be likely to adopt Aereo should it become available in their area.

Of course, nothing is set in stone until the Supreme Court makes its decision later this month. Check back with Digital Trends as this ongoing story as it unfolds.
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Facebook to force users into Messenger by removing chat from main app

Confirmed by a Facebook representative earlier today, the social network plans to start forcing mobile users into downloading the Facebook Messenger application on iOS and Android if they want to send messages to their friends and family. The company will accomplish this by removing the ability to send messages within the main application that allows users to browse the feed. To ease users into transitioning over to Messenger, users will see notifications within the main app encouraging people to download Messenger. This will happen multiple times before the chat option is completely eliminated in the main app.

It's likely that the current Messages button in the Facebook app will simply link to a download of Messenger. When Messenger is installed on the mobile device, the Messages button is automatically replaced with the Messenger icon. When tapping that new button in the main Facebook application, users will launch Messenger. However, users can return to the main Facebook app by tapping the top of the screen on the iOS version of the application.

According to a Facebook representative, the company wants to shift people into the Messenger application because sending and receiving messages within the main application is slower. Specifically, the representative said "people get replies 20 percent faster on Messenger than on Facebook." Interestingly, Facebook doesn't plan on removing or changing the Messages button within the Paper news browser application. It's also going to stay put within the core Facebook application on Windows Phone devices as well as low-end Android devices that have limited memory for running applications. 

Hypothetically, this could mean that the core Facebook application will run faster on mobile devices after Messages is completely eliminated. It will also allow Facebook to focus on expanding features within both applications, potentially leading into some interesting Messenger features related to the WhatsApp acquisition. Beyond the United States, Facebook also plans to remove messaging from the core application in several European countries that include the United Kingdom and France.
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Tubecore’s Duo weds the best of analog and digital in hardwood harmony

Just when we were beginning to think the well of innovative, wireless speaker solutions may have dried up, along came the Tubecore Duo. This gorgeous, handcrafted, tube-driven piece of audiophile awesome is truly unlike anything we've seen before. From the outside, the Duo looks like a hip, hardwood tabletop speaker, but at its heart is a custom-built computer and premium audio components that could let you swipe your media center clean of all those little black boxes, replacing them with one beautiful, highly-customizable work of electronic art. 

The Duo started out as a Kickstarter project, which blew past its initial $20,000 funding goal, finally reaching $136,640 in September 2013. Due to its success, Tubecore has worked to refine and finalize the Duo's design, adding in even more functionality and options than originally intended. The stock version of the Duo is priced at $649, with a $170 pre-order discount bringing it to $479, but there are plenty of upgrades that can push the final price up to $670 and beyond. Tubecore expects to begin shipping in June. 

Tube preamp, 100 watt A/B amplifer and 4-inch full-range drivers? By the specs alone, the Duo should sound awesome.

The stock version of the Duo speaker features a dual-tube, class-A preamp stage and a class A/B solid state 100-watt amp driving two ported,  full-range 4-inch speakers. Connectivity includes one HDMI output for your HDTV, Ethernet or Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, two USB ports, a phono input (RIAA) for turntables, a line input jack, headphone jack, and a coaxial video output for older displays. By the specs, this thing should sound awesome. And if you're thinking you might want more bass, we're told a matching subwoofer is in the works. 
At the top of the speaker is an anodized, aircraft-grade aluminum control knob, which pulls several functions, including volume control and source selection. However, for more advanced functions, Tubecore's app (called CONTROL) must be used.

The stock Duo's cabinet is carved out of Sapele, a tree native to tropical Africa, but Dimitri Furman at Tubecore told Digital Trends that it has forged a relationship with a hardwood supplier that should make nearly any type of wood an option for buyers. From there, you can choose from up to 37 different grill cover colors. The next option involves one of four different types of vacuum tubes for the pre-amp, each with its own distinct sound properties, including the rare and drool-worthy Genalex ECC82/B749 Gold Lion Custom. Finally, users can choose either a Raspberry Pi computer loaded with XBMC Gotham, or an UDOO computer, which can be configured with a quad-core processor. All design elements are completely open source, so when you receive your Duo speaker, you get all the plans and schematics your inner-engineer could desire – when the computer comes due for an upgrade, advanced users should have no problem swapping it out. If you aren't a hard-core Linux geek, don't let all that tech-y stuff scare you off, because the Duo is designed to work well for anyone, right out of the box.

Those who will use the speaker to stream audio have multiple ways to play. But when it comes to streaming video, the system is a little more limited out of the box, though with plenty of potential through customization.  While the built-in computer with XBMC will give those with media servers a clean and easy way to access their media over a network, the Duo speaker lacks the typical apps folks who own a Roku or Apple TV might be familiar with. But as enthusiastic customers/developers get their hands on the speaker, new ways stream may open up soon – that's the beauty of the open-source architecture. 

What do you think of the Tubecore Duo? Is the addition of a built-in computer with media center capabilities something that interests you? Or are you having trouble staring past that beautiful cabinet and glowing tubes? Let us know in the comments!
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For lucky #UberPITCH entrepeneurs, opportunity didn’t knock, it just drove up

Matt Oscamou mashed the Pickup button on his Uber app over and over until – success. His request went through. Except he wasn't looking to get to the airport or across town. He'd be hopping into a car with Google Ventures, the VC arm of the Web giant that will invest $300 million this year in startups like his.

In exactly 7 minutes.

"They were like, we'll be there in 7 minutes," Oscamou told Digital Trends. "I had 7 minutes to stand in front of a Starbucks and then they pulled up."

He was wearing sandals and a t-shirt, and holding a latte.

Oscamou was one of about two dozen people taken on the ride of their life that day, thanks to UberPITCH, the latest viral offering from the company that continues to disrupt the way we drive and live. Uber has tested on-demand ice cream trucks, sent kittens to offices, and delivered Christmas trees at a moment's notice. On Wednesday the company unveiled UberPITCH, to match aspiring entrepreneurs with the money, the guys behind Google Ventures, promising entrepreneurs, dreamers and visionaries the break of a lifetime.

"We're teaming up with Google Ventures for #UberPITCH, and anyone with 15 minutes and a good idea can request a ride. From 11am – 3 pm, distinguished investors will listen to your ideas in Palo Alto, Mountain View and Menlo Park… and the rides don't cost a thing," wrote Uber's Spencer Rinkus in a post on the company blog.

The company sent around a further notice to users of its app, giving fans of the service like Oscamou an early notice — assuming they open the email in time. He almost didn't.

"That's a life changing email opening right there," he told Digital Trends. "When do you ever get stuck in the backseat of an SUV with one of the biggest VC firms in Silicon Alley"?

Oscamou's business is an anti-Silicon Valley thing, as far from high-tech as possible; it makes a bite-sized alternative to cereal bars called Frontier Bites. Made from only eight ingredients, it's "hypersimple," he said. The company motto: Your next frontier awaits.

"That could be a late night coding session, it could be picking up your kids after school and dropping them off in all the right places, it could be climbing a mountain. That was actually the start of my pitch with David yesterday."

""We have a very large amount of capital in the company and a lot of enthusiasm. I think [Uber] is a remarkable business."

The pitch itself was sort of a blur, he said, although he wasn't nervous.  The 35-year-old Santa Clara businessman talks about his ideas to anyone and everyone.  But he wasn't quite as prepared for the opportunity as he might have hoped.

"He literally walked in in a t-shirt, rafting sandals and a backpack that conveniently had two or three samples in it," said David Krane, a general partner at Google Ventures. "The guy before him was wearing a sportcoat."

Oscamou wasn't handed a check that day — no one was, nor did they expect it. But he is going back to meet with other people and bring over samples. And Krane told Digital Trends he knew a few other people he wanted to introduce to the bite-size business.

"I gave him an on-the-spot promise that I would introduce him."

The idea behind UberPITCH – elevator pitches in the backseat of a sedan – came about in the most unlikely place of all. Krane said one of Uber's Silicon Valley leads sold him on the idea as they descended nine floors in an elevator.

"The idea was presented to us literally in an elevator. It was an elevator pitch [about elevator pitches]. I kid you not."

Krane, an affable 40-something with a decade and a half at Google under his belt, joined five of his colleagues at the VC firm to listen to other pitches and try to ferret out the best. Google Ventures is allocated $300 million each year by its parent company to invest; it now has a billion and a half under management, Krane said. Some of those ventures fail. Others pay off – heard of a little thing called Nest, for example?

Uber itself was a beneficiary of the fund, and Krane himself is an Uber board observer.

"We have a very large amount of capital in the company and a lot of enthusiasm. I think this is a remarkable business."

The UberPITCH experience was fun, he explained, and a success all around. Google Ventures "absolutely" met people they would follow up with or introduce to others.

But whether money comes from it or not, Oscamou was thrilled by the experience. Reached in the morning, with a fresh latte at hand and a grin you could feel through the phone, he couldn't stop laughing.

"I've been on Cloud Nine since I got out of the car. You just don't get that kind of opportunity every day."

(Images courtesy of Uber)
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Hackers already targeting vulnerable XP users

Microsoft officially abandoned Windows XP this week and urged customers to upgrade, which means no more security updates and patches for the majority of users still running the operating system. According to research carried out over the weekend by security firm Malwarebytes, there are already plenty of scams and dodgy downloads that XP users should be steering clear of.

"XP may be dead and gone in terms of updates, but that doesn't mean pitfalls and boobytraps have followed suit," wrote Christopher Boyd, Malware Intelligence Analyst at Malwarebytes, on the company blog. Boyd and his team have discovered a variety of different threats that masquerade as useful security programs, key generators and setup files for XP.

One of the XP-related downloads spotted by the firm was for a driver update suite that users have to pay to register. It scored a 5/51 on Malwarebytes' internal scoring system, which makes it a low-level threat, but Boyd advises against using unverified third-party applications to plug the holes that Microsoft has left. While commercial packages can help protect your copy of XP, look for products that are well-established and extensively reviewed by technology press outlets.

Boyd concludes: "Take care with the last minute surge of XP themed downloads and offers — whether on social networks, forums or video sharing sites a lot of what you're going to see over the coming weeks will probably not do you any favours to install or sign up to." For more on staying safe as a Windows XP user, see our guide to surviving the end of support.
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New hacking challenge shows Heartbleed is as bad as we thought

You'll have been hearing a lot about the Heartbleed bug this week, and it's now been confirmed that the vulnerability can be used to nab private security keys from a server. That means a rogue site could pose as a genuine one, and neither you nor your browser would be any the wiser.

A quick recap: Heartbleed allows hackers to ping vulnerable servers for all kinds of sensitive information, including email addresses, passwords and credit card numbers. At first, there was some debate about whether this information could include private SSL keys, in many ways the most valuable data for a hacker; now we have confirmation that it can.

White-hat hackers Fedor Indutny and Ilkka Mattila successfully took on the Heartbleed hacking challenge laid down by Web performance and security company CloudFlare. "We confirmed that both of these individuals have the private key and that it was obtained through Heartbleed exploits," said CloudFlare.

Having access to these private keys means hackers can return even after the Heartbleed exploit has been closed to steal more information — it's akin to having the keys to a car rather than having to smash through the window. Only when server security certificates are updated (i.e. the locks are changed) will the bad guys be foiled, and that's going to take some time.

Big-name companies including Google, Yahoo and Dropbox are scrambling to update their systems to close the Heartbleed loophole, but the danger is far from over. Stay tuned to our lists of apps and websites that are affected for details of how to protect yourself, and follow any prompts you receive to reset your passwords from the online services you use.

[Image courtesy of Heartbleed.com / Karen Blaha]
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Did the NSA exploit the Heartbleed bug for years?

The Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) flat-out denied reports that the National Security Agency had been quietly exploiting a widespread flaw in Internet security called the Heartbleed bug for years, as reported by Bloomberg news on Friday — accusations that sent shock waves of concern and frustration through Internet users.

"The Federal government was not aware of the recently identified vulnerability in OpenSSL until it was made public in a private sector cybersecurity report," reads an official statement posted Friday to a blog maintained by the government agency. "If the Federal government, including the intelligence community, had discovered this vulnerability prior to last week, it would have been disclosed to the community responsible for OpenSSL."

The alarming Bloomberg report claimed that the country's top spy agency had discovered the security vulnerability shortly after it emerged, and has routinely used it to collect data and spy (likely on Americans, intentionally or otherwise). Data sucked up by the NSA using the Heartbleed bug could have included email addresses, passwords and other data that would have let the agency carry on its cyber-espionage operations.

The longer a flaw like Heartbleed existed on the Internet, the more opportunity there was for criminals and enemy states to exploit it to steal information, spy on others and cause incalculable harm to individuals, businesses and government agencies, explained noted security analyst Graham Cluley.

"If it's true … then they've let down everyone who uses the Internet."

"If it's true that the NSA knew about the Heartbleed bug, but didn't tell anyone about it, then they've let down everyone who uses the Internet — both around the globe, as well as the law-abiding citizens they are supposed to protect in the United States," Cluley told Digital Trends.
One of the NSA's main missions is national security. That includes seeking out software flaws and vulnerabilities that could be exploited by hackers and other governments. The agency's actions with respect to how it used the Heartbleed bug, and its refusal to inform the public of its existence, would have run contrary to those missions, some say.

"It flies in the face of the agency's comments that defense comes first," said Jason Healey, director of the Atlantic Council's cyber statecraft initiative, and a former Air Force cyber officer. "They are going to be completely shredded by the computer security community for this."

The NSA first addressed the Bloomberg report in a statement issued via Twitter:

Statement: NSA was not aware of the recently identified Heartbleed vulnerability until it was made public.

— NSA/CSS (@NSA_PAO) April 11, 2014

The ODNI statement stressed the same point, noting that "it is in the national interest to responsibly disclose the vulnerability rather than to hold it for an investigative or intelligence purpose." Yet many still questioned the agency. The Electronic Freedom Foundation (EFF), a non-profit dedicated to protecting Americans' civil liberties, wrote the following tweet in response:

So @NSA_PAO if it isn't you guys, who runs this botnet that was launching Heartbleed attacks last year? http://t.co/4wEWK6WXIx

— EFF (@EFF) April 11, 2014

A handful of programmers runs the OpenSSL security protocol in which the Heartbleed bug lies; the NSA tasks thousands with discovering such vulnerabilities. Once the flaw was uncovered, the Bloomberg report claimed, the NSA essentially put it in its back pocket, instead of warning those who could have patched the problem and kept the nation's data safe — a part of the agency's stated mission.

MORE: How to check if your favorite websites are vulnerable to the Heartbleed bug

"The Information Assurance mission confronts the formidable challenge of preventing foreign adversaries from gaining access to sensitive or classified national security information," the agency's mission statement reads.

James Lewis, a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies specializing in cybersecurity, says that the NSA considers multiple options when it discovers vulnerabilities like Heartbleed. They include temporary exploitation combined with collaboration with software developers to plug the flaw.

MORE: What is the Heartbleed bug?

"They actually have a process when they find this stuff that goes all the way up to the director" of the NSA, Lewis said. "They look at how likely it is that other guys have found it and might be using it, and they look at what's the risk to the country."


National Security Operations Center (credit: Wikipedia)
The Heartbleed bug is a serious vulnerability in the OpenSSL Internet encryption protocol known that has potentially left the information of most Internet users vulnerable to hackers. The Heartbleed bug reportedly affects as much as 66 percent of the world's active websites, and has existed for roughly two years. That's according to a team of Codenomicon researchers, as well as Google Security researcher Neel Mehta.

"We've never seen any quite like this," Michael Sutton, vice president of security research at Zscaler, a security firm, says. "Not only is a huge portion of the Internet impacted, but the damage that can be done, and with relative ease, is immense."

MORE: The Heartbleed bug affects "almost everyone"

The NSA has been embroiled in controversy and scandal since it was revealed that the agency actively collects data and spies on a vast array of Internet users, including unaware Americans.
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EXCLUSIVE Here’s a list of websites allegedly affected by the Heartbleed bug (updated)

This summary is not available. Please click here to view the post.

Texas Medicaid holds off on proposed limits for Gilead hepatitis drug

(Reuters) - Texas is reconsidering whether to impose strict limits on Gilead Sciences' $84,000 hepatitis C treatment for patients on the state's Medicaid health plan for the poor, at the urging of outside advisers, a state official said on Friday.

The Texas Health and Human Services Commission, which oversees Medicaid, had proposed a policy to allow the drug, Sovaldi, to be used mainly for sicker patients such as those whose hepatitis C had developed into advanced liver disease, according to state documents reviewed by Reuters.

As with most state Medicaid programs, an outside committee of pharmacists and doctors in Texas meets quarterly to review new drugs and recommend policies to the program's director. The agency had been planning to begin offering coverage in July if the committee recommended the policy at its Thursday meeting.

"The board asked state staff to meet with stakeholders, including gastroenterologists, about the criteria, whether it was too strict, and the prior authorization process," Texas Health and Human Services Commission spokeswoman Stephanie Goodman said. In the interim, Medicaid patients in Texas will still not be prescribed the drug.

"We're looking at our options and how that will affect our timeline to get the drug covered," Goodman said.

A Gilead spokeswoman declined to comment.

The deliberations in Texas, one of the most populous states and home to a relatively large number of hepatitis C patients, underline the difficulties of state health officials in deciding how to cover the Gilead treatment. It would have been the first major state to craft a policy. Discussions are continuing in California, Colorado and Virginia among others.

The Texas move has also tabled a plan that the state had hoped could be in place by July in which it would make supplemental payments to insurers to help offset the high cost of the drug.

Texas is among states including California and Florida asked by insurers who manage Medicaid plans to pay for the treatments directly, a move they said was needed because they would otherwise lose money on their contracts.

Leerink managed care analyst Ana Gupta said that the Texas per-use payment could be a viable approach to compensating insurers in other states.

"It covers the use of the drug while still potentially limiting the utilization only where medically necessary," Gupta said. She said the price tag to insurers may be $8 billion for eligible patients in Medicaid and similarly structured plans such as those sold on the Obamacare exchanges.

Sovaldi has become the focal point for a global outcry over the price of novel medicines, attracting criticism from the World Health Organization, doctors' groups, state officials and insurance industries. Sovaldi is the first drug to provide a true cure for most patients who take it, but its cost could reach more than $200 billion if widely used in the United States, posing huge risks to state budgets and insurers' financial results.

Gilead Sciences received U.S. regulatory approval for the treatment in December. Many patients are prescribed the drug in combination with another new drug, Johnson & Johnson's Olysio, pushing the treatment cost to around $150,000.

Gilead shares, which have been hit by questions over Sovaldi's price in recent weeks, rose as much as 4 percent on Friday. The company reported new data on a combination therapy including Sovaldi.

CARVING OUT THE DRUG

One of the country's largest insurers, WellPoint Inc, told investors last month that it was in talks with state Medicaid agencies about these high costs.

"Our view is pretty simply it either needs to be covered in the rates and covered quickly or you have to take it out of managed care and put it into fee for service and pay for it that way," said Richard Zoretic, president of WellPoint's government business division.

Some patient advocates prefer the second approach because it could encourage better access to the drug.

"There is this basic bar in Medicaid where they do have to cover the drug. The question is who is going to get it and what will the rules around that be," said Anne Donnelly, director of healthcare policy at Project Inform based in San Francisco.

For instance, Texas' policy on use of the drug this year appears to be stricter than the policy adopted in Oregon. Its pharmacy committee has recommended limiting the use of Sovaldi to patients who have moderate to severe fibrosis of the liver whereas Texas was targeting advanced liver disease.

State Medicaid programs, funded by both state and federal government, set the policy for drug use in their fee-for-service programs. Coverage can differ because the vast majority of patients are in plans managed by private insurers that heed the state's recommendations but may also have their own practices.
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Virginia AG files brief supporting gay marriage

RICHMOND, Va. (AP) — Same-sex couples have the same right to marry as interracial heterosexual couples, Virginia's attorney general said Friday in papers urging an appellate court to uphold a judge's ruling that the state's gay marriage ban is unconstitutional.

Attorney General Mark Herring is backing two same-sex couples who filed a lawsuit challenging state laws and a constitutional provision barring gay marriage in Virginia and denying recognition of such unions performed in other states. U.S. District Judge Arenda Wright Allen in Norfolk struck down the laws in February but put the ruling on hold while it is appealed.

A three-judge panel of the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals will hear arguments May 13.

Lawyers for both sides expect the issue to ultimately be decided by the U.S. Supreme Court, either in the Virginia case or one from another state. Since the Supreme Court ruled last year that a law prohibiting the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages was unconstitutional, federal judges have struck down state bans in Michigan, Oklahoma, Utah, Virginia and Texas. A judge in Kentucky has ordered the state to recognize same-sex marriages performed in other states, and a judge in Ohio has said he will do the same. Several other lawsuits have been filed.

Herring said in a brief filed with the appeals court that Allen was correct in citing the Supreme Court's 1967 Loving v. Virginia decision, which invalidated state interracial marriage bans, as a basis for striking down a prohibition against same-sex marriage. He said the U.S. Constitution's equal protection clause protects the fundamental right to marry and trumps the states' authority to decide the issue.

Lawyers for two circuit court clerks defending the ban have said in court papers that same-sex marriage is not a fundamental right because it was never contemplated by the framers of the equal protection clause, but Herring said that argument is unpersuasive.

"Loving teaches that the Fourteenth Amendment protects the fundamental right to marry, even if the way in which it is practiced would have surprised the Framers or made them feel uncomfortable," he wrote.

Herring also urged the court to dismiss claims that legalization of gay marriage would open the door to polygamy and unions between close relatives.

"The clerk's slippery-slope arguments are the same ones used to oppose interracial marriage in 1967; they are no more persuasive today than then," he wrote.

One of the clerks has argued in court papers that Virginia's laws encourage procreation and stable families with children raised by both mothers and fathers, which are legitimate government interests. Herring called that argument irrational and "outright demeaning" not only to gay couples, but also to straight couples who are infertile or elderly or simply do not want to have children.

The lawsuit was filed by Timothy Bostic and Tony London of Norfolk, who were denied a marriage license by Norfolk Circuit Court Clerk George E. Schaefer III's office, and Carol Schall and Mary Townley of Chesterfield County, whose 2008 marriage in California is not recognized in Virginia.

Prince William County Circuit Court Clerk Michele McQuigg intervened as a defendant because the outcome affects clerks throughout the state.

Two other same-sex couples who filed a similar lawsuit in Harrisonburg also have been allowed to intervene in the case before the appeals court.

At least 17 states and the District of Columbia have state laws or court decisions that allow same-sex couples to marry.
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U.N.: Italy rescues 6,000 migrants in 4 days

The Italian navy has rescued about 6,000 people in the past four days from more than 40 overcrowded boats in the Mediterranean, the United Nations' refugee agency said Friday.


Its figures give a new indication of the scale of the challenge faced by Italian authorities in keeping up with the flow of migrants seeking to reach European soil.

About 18,000 people have arrived by sea in Italy so far this year, while in 2013, the number of arrivals was near 43,000, the UNHCR said. Of those who arrived last year, the largest group, more than 11,300, were Syrians fleeing the conflict in their homeland.

Of those picked up off the Italian islands of Sicily and Calabria in the past four days, a large number were women and children, including newborns and unaccompanied minors, UNHCR spokeswoman Melissa Fleming said in a prepared statement Friday.

Many were fleeing violence, conflict and persecution, the statement said. The migrants, who had set off from Zwara, in Libya, in search of safety within the European Union, have now been taken to Italian ports.

The UNHCR has urged countries to work together to rescue people at sea at the same time as looking for legal migration channels that will prevent people from risking their lives at sea.

"The Mediterranean is one of the busiest seaways in the world, as well as a dangerous sea frontier for many asylum-seekers trying to find safety in Europe," the statement said.

"The challenges of protecting refugees traveling irregularly by sea in search of safety, often together with people moving for other reasons, are complex."

The agency also says that the reception centers in which asylum seekers are held after they are rescued must be adequate.

Last October, the world was shocked by the deaths of hundreds of people in shipwrecks off Italy's coasts. More than 300 died in one shipwreck alone off the tiny island of Lampedusa.

The Italian government set up a rescue operation after that tragedy, the UNHCR said, which has saved more than 20,000 people at sea.
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